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SurgeÀÇ ±Ô°Ý

°¡. IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Àü±âÀüÀÚ±â¼úÀÚ Çùȸ) IEEE¿¡¼­´Â TVSS (Transient Voltage Surge Supperession, Surge Protector, º¸È£±â)ÀÇ ½ÃÇè¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ½ÃÇè ÆÄÇü ¹× ÀýÂ÷¿¡ °üÇÑ ±âÁظ¸ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¼º´É¿¡ °üÇؼ­´Â ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ¸¹Àº ±Ô°ÝµéÀÌIEEEÀÇ ±Ô°ÝÀ» ¿ø¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

¨ç IEEE 62.41
IEEE Recommended Practice on Surge Voltage in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits 600V ÀÌÇÏÀÇ Àü¿ø¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Surge Protector¿¡ °üÇÑ ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÌ´Ù.

¨± Location Categories Deffined in ANSI/IEEE C62.41
   : À§Ä¡¿¡ °üÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ "A"¿Í "B"´Â ½Ç³», "C"´Â ¿Á¿Ü¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ´Â Á¦Ç°¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

Category Location
A
Outlets and Long Branch Circuits
All Outlets at more than 10m (30ft) from Category B
All Outlets at more than 20m (60ft) from Category C
B
Major Feeder and short Branch Circuits
Distribution panel devices
Busses and feeder system in industrial plants
Heavy appliance outlets with short connections to the service entrance
Lightning systems in large buildings
C
Service drop from building entrance
Run between meter and distribution panel
Overhead line to detached building
Underground lines to well pumps

* Outlet : ¿ì¸®°¡ ÈçÈ÷ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Äܼ¾Æ®¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

¨² IEEE C62.41 - 1991 Location Category Exposure Levels

Category Level Voltage
(KV)
.5x100KHz
Ring Wave Current(KV)
1.2x50§Á(V), 8x20§Á(A)
Combination Wave Current (KA)
A1 Low 2 0.07 N/A
A2 Medium 4 0.13 N/A
A3 High 6 0.20 N/A
B1 Low 2 0.17 1
B2 Medium 4 0.33 2
B3 High 6 0.50 3
C1 Low 6 N/A 3
C2 Medium 10 N/A 5
C3 High 20 N/A 10

  • Low Exposure : ¹ø°³ È°µ¿ÀÌ ÀûÀº °÷¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϰųª ÀûÀº ȸ¼öÀÇ ºÎÇÏ Switching È°µ¿ÀÌ ÀûÀº °÷¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â System
  • Medium Exposure : ¹ø°³ È°µ¿ÀÌ ¸¹°Å³ª Áß°£ Á¤µµÀÇ È°µ¿À» ÇÏ´Â °÷¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϰųª Switching Transient°¡ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °÷¿¡ ÀÖ´Â System
  • High Exposure : Low, Medium Exposure º¸´Ù ¹ø°³ È°µ¿À̳ª Switching Transient µîÀÌ ½ÉÇÑ °÷

¨³ IEEE62.45
IEEE Guide on Surge Testing for Equipment Connected to Low-Voltage Power Circuits

¨´ IEEE-587 : 1980. 600V ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ÀúÀü¾Ð Àü¿øÀÇ Ãæ°ÝÀü¾ÐÀ» ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

Location
Category
Waveform Open
Circuit
Voltage
Short
Circuit
Voltage
Comments
A 0.5§Á-100KHz Ring 6000V 200A
º» ¹èÀü¹ÝÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 10m ÀÌ»ó
¶³¾îÁø Áö¿ª ÀÎÀÔ¼±À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
20mÀÌ»ó ¶³¾îÁø Áö¿ª
B 0.5§Á-100KHz Ring 6000V 500A
º» ¹èÀü¹Ý ÁÖº¯Áö¿ª ÀÏ¹Ý ºôµù Á¶¸í½Ã¼³ ÁßÀåºñ »ç¿ë Áö¿ª
1.2¡¿50§Á Impulse 6000V -
8¡¿20§Á Impulse - 3000A
C - - - 2
  • 1.2¡¿50§Á¿Í 8¡¿20§Á Combination Wave : ÁÖ·Î ¼³ºñ ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÆÄÇü
    (¿¹> : ³«·Ú , ´ë¿ë·® ¼³ºñÀÇ Switching, Àü·Â »ç°í µî)
  • 0.5¡¿100KHz Ring Wave : ÁÖ·Î ¼³ºñ ³»ºÎ¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÆÄÇü

³ª. IEC(Intermediate Electrotechnical Commission, ±¹Á¦Àü±âÇ¥ÁØÀ§¿øȸ)

¨ç IEC 50(161) : 1990, ±¹Á¦Àü±â±â¼ú¿ë¾î. (IEV)

  1. °úµµÇö»ó : °ü½É´ë»óÀÇ ½Ã°£ ±Ô¸ð¿¡ ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© ªÀº ½Ã°£ °£°Ý µ¿¾È¿¡ 2°³ÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓÇÏ´Â Á¤»ó »óÅ »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â Çö»ó ¶Ç´Â ¾çÀÇ ÃÑĪ [IVE 161-02-01]
  2. »ó½Â½Ã°£ : ´ÜÀÏ ÆÞ½ºÀÇ ¼ø½ÃÄ¡°¡ ±ÔÁ¤µÈ ÃÖÀúÄ¡¿¡ óÀ½À¸·Î µµ´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ø°£°ú ±ÔÁ¤µÈ ÃÖ°íÄ¡¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ø°£ »çÀÌ ½Ã°£ ±¸°£À¸·Î º°µµ·Î ¸í½ÃµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ, ÃÖÀúÄ¡ ¹× ÃÖ°íÄ¡´Â ÆÞ½º Å©±âÀÇ 10%¿Í 90%·Î °¢°¢ Á¤ÇÑ´Ù [IEV 161-02-05]
  3. Surge : line ¶Ç´Â ȸ·Î¸¦ µû¶ó¼­ Àü´ÞµÇ¸ç, ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ¼­¼­¸® °¨¼ÒÇϴ Ư¼ºÀ» Áö´Ñ Àü±âÀû Àü·ù, Àü¾Ð ¶Ç´Â Àü·ÂÀÇ °úµµÆÄÇüÀÌ´Ù. [IEV 161-08-11]

¨è IEC 60-1 : 1989, °íÀü¾Ð ½ÃÇè±â¹ý

  1. Surge Àü¾Ð : ³«·Ú ÀÓÆÞ½ºÀÇ Àü¹Ý½Ã°£ T1Àº °¡»óÀÇ ÇǶó¸ÞÅͷμ­ ÀÓÆÞ½º°¡ ÃÖ´ëÄ¡ÀÇ 30% ¹× 90%°¡ µÇ´Â ÁöÁ¡ »çÀÌÀÇ ±¸°£ TÀÇ 1.67 ¹èÀÇ °ªÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇ
  2. Surge Àü·ù : ³«·Ú ÀÓÆÞ½ºÀÇ Àü¹Ý½Ã°£ T1Àº °¡»óÀÇ ÇǶó¸ÞÅͷμ­ ÀÓÆÞ½º°¡ ÃÖ´ëÄ¡ÀÇ 10% ¹× 90%°¡ µÇ´Â ÁöÁ¡ »çÀÌÀÇ ±¸°£ TÀÇ 1.15¹èÀÇ °ªÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇ
  3. Àý¹ÝÄ¡ÀÇ ½Ã°£ T2 : ³«·Ú ÀÓÆÞ½ºÀÇ Àý¹ÝÄ¡ ½Ã°£ T2´Â °¡»óÀÇ ÇǶó¸ÞÅͷμ­ °¡»óÀÇ ¿øÁ¡ 0, °úÀü¾ÐÀÌ ÃÖ´ëÄ¡ÀÇ ¹ÝÀ¸·Î °¨¼Ò µÇ¾îÁö´Â ¼ø°£ »çÀÌÀÇ ½Ã°£ ±¸¼ºÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀǵȴÙ.

¨é IEC 469-1 : 1987, ÆÞ½º±â¼ú ¹× ÀåÄ¡
Áö¼Ó½Ã°£ : ¼­ÁöÀÇ Å©±â°¡ ÃÖ´ëÄ¡ÀÇ 50%¸¦ ÃÊ°úÇÏ´Â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ½Ã°£ÀÌ´Ù.

¨ê IEC 644

Category Voltage
(1.2¡¿50§Á)
Application
¥° 500 V
Telecommunication and Electronic Testing
¥± 2.5 §Ç
Appliance, portable equipment
¥² 4 §Ç
Fixed installations
¥³ 6 §Ç
Primary supply Overhead lines, cable systems, including distribution
bus and its overcurrent protection

´Ù. UL(Underwriters Laboratories)

¨ç UL 14549 : Standard for Safety / Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors.
Àü¿ø¿ë Surge Protector¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© IEC, IEEE ±Ô°ÝÀ» ¿ø¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼º´É ½ÇÇèÀ» ½Ç½ÃÇÏ°í, ±× ±Ô°Ý¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇϸé ÀÎÁõÇÑ´Ù. Surge ProtectorÀÇ Çü½Ä ÀÎÁõÀº ÀÌ ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ´Ù.
½ÃÇèÀº Let Through Voltage (or Suppressed Voltage Rating, Clamping Voltage)¿Í Life Test·Î ³ª´©¾î ½Ç½ÃÇÑ´Ù.

  1. Let-Through Voltage (or Suppressed Voltage Rating, Clamping Voltage)
    Surge ÆÄÇüÀ» °¡ÇßÀ» ¶§ 100ms À̳»¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ÃÖ°íÀÇ peak Àü¾ÐÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
  2. Rating °ªÀº ÃøÁ¤°ªÀ» »ó±â Ç¥¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© Å« °ªÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é 220V¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â 710VÀÎ °æ¿ì
    0.8KV·Î Ç¥±âµÈ´Ù.

UL 1449 Performance Rating Table

Category Impulse Generator Characteristics Suppressed
Voltage Rating
Wave form Maximun Surge
C1 Code Connected & Direct
Plug-in Products
1.2¡¿50§Á
8¡¿20§Á
6KV
500A
0.33KV, 0.4KV
0.5KV, 0.6KV
0.8KV, 1.0KV
1.2KV, 1.5KV
2.0KV, 2.5KV
3.0KV, 4.0KV
5.0KV, 6.0KV
C2 Permanently Connected
Products
1.2¡¿50§Á
8¡¿20§Á
6KV
300A

¨è UL 497 : Åë½Å½ÅÈ£¼±¿ë Surge Protector¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ÀÎÁõÇÑ´Ù. RS-232C, RS-422, RS-485, Modem

2000V (1.2¡¿50§Á) Signal impulse

A  Standard Safety / Secondary Protectors for Communication Circuits
B  Standard Safety / Protectors for Data Communication and Fire Circuits

¶ó. ±âŸ

¨ç ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
CCTT (Consulative Committee, International Telegraph & Telephone. ±¹Á¦Àü½ÅÀüÈ­ ÀÚ¹®À§¿øȸ)
Impulse : 10/700§Á (»ó½Â½Ã°£ : 10~90% ±îÁö 10§Á¡¾30%, ÇÏ°­½Ã°£ : 50%±îÁö 700§Á¡¾20%)

¨è ITU (International Telecommunications Union. ±¹Á¦ Àü±âÅë½Å¿¬ÇÕ)

¨é MIL (Military Specification and Standard. ¹Ì±¹±º»ç±Ô°Ý & Ç¥ÁØ)

¨ê NEC (National Electric Code) : NEC provides safety design and installation guide (USA)

Art 280  Surge Arresters
Art 645  Computer/Data processing equipment
Art 800  Communication circuits

¨ë MEMA (National Electrical Manufactures and Associations)
°­Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ Âü°í ±Ô°ÝÀ¸·Î IEEE, UL µî°ú À¯»çÇÏ´Ù.
- NEMA LS-1 : Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices

¨ì NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)

ANSI/NFPA 20
"Section 7-4.1 : Centrifugal fire pumps.
Voltage Surge Arrester complying with ANSI 62.1 or C62.11 shell installed
each line terminal of the isolating switch to ground.
These devices shell be rated to suppress voltage surges above rated line
voltage.
ANSI/NFPA 75
Section 7-24
Protection against lighting surges shell be provided where needed in ordance
with the requirement of NFPA 70. (NEC)
ANSI/NFPA 78
Section 3-21 : Lighting Arrester and Protectors.
Lighting Arrester and Protectors shell be installed on the electric and ephone
service entrances and on radio and television antenna lead
- in to provide protection for the structure
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